Installation
As mentioned in the beginning, we are going to install three tools on our machines:
- Docker, a container runtime engine
- KinD, Kubernetes in Docker, a tool for running Kubernetes clusters using Docker containers
- kubectl, a command line interface for running commands against Kubernetes clusters
Follow the installation instructions for your OS below, and you should have a fully functional Kubernetes cluster running on your machine in no time!
Docker
macOS and Windows
On macOS and Windows, you will need to install Docker Desktop. You can download the installer from the Docker website. This is due to the two OS'es system design.
Docker Desktop will spawn a VM in the background upon first start and install the Docker runtime in this VM. You can then use Docker on Windows and MacOS as usual.
WSL users
If you are using WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux), please read ahead for Linux instructions.
A recent, more performant, and less resource-hungry alternative on MacOS is OrbStack. Since I haven't had enough time to properly evaluate it yet, I won't provide installation instructions and/or support for this workshop (yet).
Once installed, you can check if Docker is working by running the hello-world container image:
sudo docker run hello-world
Linux
On Linux, you can install Docker using your package manager of choice. I compiled installation instructions for the most common OS flavors below, if yours isn't among them, please head over to the official installation documentation and pick your OS.
Docker Desktop on Linux
Docker Desktop is available for Linux distributions since earlier this year, too. However, its features are not needed for this workshop and it comes with a performance penalty compared to installing just the Docker daemon.
First, you will have to set up your package manager to use the Docker repository:
# Add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ca-certificates curl gnupg
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \
"deb [arch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
"$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update
sudo dnf -y install dnf-plugins-core
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/fedora/docker-ce.repo
# Add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ca-certificates curl gnupg
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \
"deb [arch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
"$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update
Then, you can go on and install the latest version of Docker:
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
sudo dnf install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
Finally, start the Docker daemon and check if it is working by running the hello-world container image:
sudo systemctl enable --now docker
sudo docker run hello-world
sudo systemctl enable --now docker
sudo docker run hello-world
sudo systemctl enable --now docker
sudo docker run hello-world
KinD
With Docker up and running, we can set up our Kubernetes cluster using KinD! KinD is a tool for running Kubernetes clusters using Docker containers as nodes. It is a great tool for local development and testing, and we will use it throughout this workshop. In fact, KinD development was started as a means of running integration tests for the Kubernetes project itself.
Depending on your OS, installation instructions vary slightly. Please follow the instructions for your OS below.
# If you are using chocolatey
choco install kind # (1)!
- Chocolatey is a package manager for Windows. You can find more information here.
curl.exe -Lo kind-windows-amd64.exe https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.20.0/kind-windows-amd64
Move-Item .\kind-windows-amd64.exe c:\some-dir-in-your-PATH\kind.exe
brew install kind # (1)!
- Homebrew is a package manager for macOS. You can find more information here.
CLI_ARCH=amd64
if [ "$(uname -m)" = "arm64" ]; then CLI_ARCH=arm64; fi
curl -Lo ./kind "https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.20.0/kind-darwin-$CLI_ARCH"
chmod +x ./kind
mv ./kind /some-dir-in-your-PATH/kind
CLI_ARCH=amd64
if [ "$(uname -m)" = "arm64" ]; then CLI_ARCH=arm64; fi
curl -Lo ./kind "https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.20.0/kind-linux-$CLI_ARCH"
chmod +x ./kind
sudo mv ./kind /usr/local/bin/kind
KinD should be installed now - let's move on to kubectl, the final piece of our Kubernetes puzzle!
kubectl
kubectl is the command line interface for running commands against Kubernetes clusters. It is the main tool we will use throughout this workshop to interact with our Kubernetes cluster.
Installation instructions for kubectl vary slightly depending on your operating system. Please follow the instructions for your OS below.
kubectl on Windows
Docker Desktop for Windows installs its own version of kubectl which should be sufficient.
If you are using WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux), please read ahead for Linux instructions.
macOS
brew install kubectl
CLI_ARCH=amd64
if [ "$(uname -m)" = "arm64" ]; then CLI_ARCH=arm64; fi
curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/darwin/$CLI_ARCH/kubectl"
# Make the kubectl binary executable.
chmod +x ./kubectl
# Move the binary in to your PATH.
sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
Linux
# Add signing key for the Kubernetes repositories
sudo mkdir -p -m 755 /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb/Release.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg
# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo 'deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb/ /' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
# Update repositories and install kubectl
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y kubectl
# Add the yum Kubernetes repository
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/rpm/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/rpm/repodata/repomd.xml.key
EOF
# Install kubectl
sudo yum install -y kubectl
CLI_ARCH=amd64
if [ "$(uname -m)" = "arm64" ]; then CLI_ARCH=arm64; fi
curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/$CLI_ARCH/kubectl"
# Make the kubectl binary executable.
chmod +x ./kubectl
# Move the binary in to your PATH.
sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
For now, we got all the tools we need to create our cluster, so let's move on.
Created: September 14, 2023